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Vol. 1 No. 4: Winter Solstice, 1999
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Consider Raloxifene
continued...
Menopausal women in general do not need treatment
We need healthy, meaningful lives. But if we have a need to prevent osteoporosis and if our risks for breast cancer are increased, it is appropriate to consider raloxifene.
Jerilynn Prior is a Professor of Endocrinology at the University of British Columbia and an internationally known expert on women's health.
References
- Ettinger B, Black DM, Mitlak BH, Knickerbocker RK, Nickelsen T, Genant H, et al. Reduction of vertebral fracture risk in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis treated with raloxifene: Results from a 3-year randomized clinical trial. JAMA 1999; 282:637-645.
- Cummings SR, Eckert S, Krueger KA, Grady D, Powles TJ, Cauley JA, et al. The effect of raloxifene on risk of breast cancer in postmenopausal women. Results from the MORE randomized trial. JAMA 1999; 281:2189-2197
- Prior JC. Menopause. In: Gray J, Johnson G, editors. Therapeutic Choices. Ottawa, Ontario, Canada: C.K. Productions, 1995:468-477.
- Prior JC. Perimenopause: The complex endocrinology of the menopausal transition. Endocr.Rev. 1998; 19:397-428.
- Matthews KA, Meilahn E, Kuller LH, Kelsey SF, Caggiula AW, Wing RK. Menopause and risk factors for coronary heart disease. N.Engl.J.Med. 1989; 321:641-646.
- Manson JE, Colditz GA, Stampfer MJ, Willett WC, Rosner B, Monson RR, et al. Prospective study of obesity and risk for coronary heart disease in women. N.Engl.J.Med. 1990; 322:882-890.
- Hulley S, Bush T, Furberg C, Herrington D, Riggs B, Vittinghoff E. Randomized trial of estrogen plus progestin for secondary prevention of coronary heart disease in postmenopausal women. J.Am.Med.Assoc. 1998; 280:605-613.
- Coronary Drug Project Research Group. Coronary drug project: initial findings leading to modifications of its research protocol. J.Am.Med.Assoc. 1970; 214:1303-1313.
- Coronary Drug Project Research Group. Coronary drug project: findings leading to the discontinuation of the 2.5 mg/day estrogen group. J.Am.Med.Assoc. 1973; 226:652-657.
- Coulam CB, Annegers JF, Kranz JS. Chronic anovulation syndrome and associated neoplasia. Obstet.Gynecol. 1983; 61:403-407.
- Cowan LD, Gordis L, Tonascia JA, Jones GE. Breast cancer incidence in women with a history of progesterone deficiency. Am.J.Epidemiol. 1981; 114:209-214.
- Chang KJ, Lee TTY, Linares-Cruz G, Fournier S, de Lignieres B. Influence of percutaneous administration of estradiol and progesterone on human breast epithelial cell cycle in vivo. Fertil.Steril. 1995; 63:785-791.
- Fugere P, Scheele WH, Srikanth KR, Anglin G, Strack TR, Nauden AB, et al. Raloxifene does not stimulate the uterus in postmenopausal women as compared to continuous combined hormone replacement therapy following 24 months of treatment. Fertil Steril 1999; 72:S182-S182 Abstract.
- DiSaia PJ. Hormone-replacement therapy in patients with breast cancer. A reappraisal. Cancer 1993; 71:1490-1500.
- Prince RL, Smith M, Dirk IM, Price RI, Webb PC, Henderson NK, et al. Prevention of postmenopausal osteoporosis: a comparative study of exercise, calcium supplementation, and hormone-replacement therapy. N.Engl.J.Med. 1991; 325:1189-1195.
- Paterson MEL. A randomized double-blind cross-over trial into the effect of norethisterone on climacteric symptoms and biochemical profiles. Br.J.Obstet.Gynaecol. 1982; 89:464-472.
- Prior JC. Progesterone as a bone-trophic hormone. Endocr.Rev. 1990; 11:386-398.
- Barrett-Connor E, Wenger NK, Grady D, Mosca L, Collins P, Kornitzer M, et al. Hormone and nonhormone therapy for the maintenance of postmenopausal health: the need for randomized controlled trials of estrogen and raloxifene. J.Women's Health 1998; 7:839-846.
- Delmas PD, Bjarnason NH, Mitlak BH, Ravoux A-C, Shah AS, Huster WJ, et al. Effects of raloxifene on bone mineral density, serum cholesterol concentrations, and uterine endometrium in postmenopausal women. New England Journal of Medicine 1997; 337:1641-1647.
- Draper MW, Flowers DE, Huster WJ, Neild JA, Harper KD, Arnaud CD. A controlled trial of raloxifene (LY139481) HCL: impact on bone turnover and serum lipid profile in healthy postmenopausal women. J Bone and Mineral Research 1996; 11:835v840.
- Khovidhunkit W, Shoback DM. Clinical effects of raloxifene hydrochloride in women. Ann.Int.Med. 1999; 130:431-439.
- Khovidhunkit W, Shoback DM. Clinical effects of raloxifene hydrochloride in women. Ann.Int.Med. 1999; 130:431-439.
- Clarkson TB, Anthony MS, Jerome CP. Lack of effect of raloxifene on coronary artery atherosclerosis of postmenopausal monkeys. J.Clin.Endocr.Metab. 1998; 83:721-726.
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Vol. 1 No. 4: Winter Solstice, 1999
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